Engineering Science

This course will cover the application of basic mechanics to human movement. It will provide students with a basic understanding of how forces act on body segments and how movements are produced. The subject matter of this course is relevant to quantifying all forms of physical activity, from activities of daily living, physically challenged movement patterns, to elite athletic performance. It also has applications in medical settings, including rehabilitation and sports medicine. Prerequisite: MATH 150 , 151 or 154 , MATH 152 or 155 (may be taken concurrently), PHYS 101 (or 120 or 125 or 140 ), BPK 142 . Quantitative.

An introduction to anatomy and physiological function of the major human systems, from a biomedical engineering perspective. Normally only available to students in the Biomedical Engineering Program. Corequisite: CHEM 180 . BPK 208 may be used as a substitute for BPK 105 by students in the Kinesiology Minor program. BPK Major and Honours students may not receive credit for BPK 208 . No student may take both BPK 105 and BPK 208 for credit, or both BPK 205 and BPK 208 for credit.

Extension of BPK 201 provides students with an understanding of structure-function relations in musculoskeletal tissues (bone, cartilage and muscle) in health and disease. Includes effect of disease and aging on physiological and biomechanical properties, mechanics and prevention of tissue injury, and design of implants and prostheses. Prerequisite: BPK 201 and BPK 306 .

A basic introduction to chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, acid-base chemistry, electrochemistry, and equilibria as well as application of these concepts to the structure and function of biomolecules. Concepts will be illustrated using examples of biological systems. Students will be introduced to central ideas in biochemistry and molecular biology. Prerequisite: CHEM 121 with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for CHEM 122 or CHEM 124 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

The principal elements of theory concerning utility and value, price and costs, factor analysis, productivity, labor organization, competition and monopoly, and the theory of the firm. Quantitative.

Basic vector calculus concepts required for the course and introduction to waves. Differential forms of Maxwell equations. Capacitors in circuits; capacitance and field energy. Inductors in circuits and inductance; electrical current, electromotive force, electrical resistance. Design considerations for engineering applications in devices through simulations (course project). Prerequisite: MATH 251 and ( ENSC 220 or MSE 250 ), all with a minimum grade of C-.

This course represents and introduction to analog and digital communications systems. The main topics are: a review of Fourier Transform; the representation of bandpass signals; random signals in communications, including stationarity, ergodicity, correlation, power spectra and noise; amplitude and frequency modulation; circuits and techniques for modulation and demodulation; frequency division multiplexing; baseband digital communication; time division and multiplexing; an introduction to basic digital modulation schemes such as BPSK, FSK and QPSK. Laboratory work is included in this course. Prerequisite: ( ENSC 380 or MSE 280) and ENSC 280 , all with a minimum grade of C-. Students who completed STAT 270 prior to Spring 2015 may use STAT 270 instead of ENSC 280 .

Concentrates on the problems encountered when attempting to use computers in real time (RT) and embedded applications where the computer system must discern the state of the real world and react to it within stringent response time constraints. Both design methodology and practical implementation techniques for RT systems are presented. Although some hardware will be involved, it should be noted that this course concentrates on real time software. Prerequisite: ( ENSC 151 and ENSC 215 and ENSC 250) or ENSC 254 or ( CMPT 225 and (CMPT 250 or CMPT 295 )), all with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 60 units. ENSC 351 is a required course for all engineering science major and honours students (no course substitutions are permitted). Students with credit for or who are concurrently enrolled in ENSC 451/ MSE 450 cannot take this course for further credit.

An overview of the discipline of biomedical engineering, including its purpose and scope. Typical discussion topics: goals and limitations of biomedical engineering, the nature and relevant technologies of selected application areas, common aspects of biomedical practice, current trends and new directions in biomedical engineering. Students conduct extended investigations of biomedical practice, new biomedical techniques or possible new products, then prepare reports and present seminars. Prerequisite: Completion of at least 25 units of engineering science (ENSC) courses.

The objectives of this course are to cover the modelling and analysis of continuous and discrete signals using linear techniques. Topics covered include: a review of Laplace transforms; methods for the basic modelling of physical systems; discrete and continuous convolution; impulse and step response; transfer functions and filtering; the continuous Fourier transform and its relationship to the Laplace transform; frequency response and Bode plots; sampling; the Z-transform. Prerequisite: ENSC 180 , ENSC 220 (or MSE 250 ) and ( MATH 260 or MATH 310), all with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for MSE 282 or SEE 341 may not take this course for further credit.

This course is an introduction to the analysis, design, and applications of continuous time linear control systems. Topics include transfer function representation of open and closed loop systems, time domain specifications and steady state error, sensitivity analysis, time and frequency response, and stability criteria. It includes a treatment of methods for the analysis of control systems based on the root locus, Bode plots and Nyquist criterion, and their use in the design of PID, and lead-lag compensation. Lab work is included in this course. Prerequisite: ENSC 380 (or MSE 280), with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for MSE 381 or SEE 342 may not take ENSC 383 for further credit.

This is the first course in a group-based, two-course capstone sequence: ENSC 405W , ENSC 440 . Topics include group writing processes, project documentation and engineering design, group dynamics, engineering standards, project management, dispute resolution, intellectual property, entrepreneurship, and user interface design. These groups will be maintained for the completion of the capstone project in ENSC 440 . Students must take ENSC 440 in the term directly following successful completion of ENSC 405W . Prerequisite: ( ENSC 105W or MSE 101W ), ENSC 204 , all with a minimum grade of C-, completion of a minimum of 22 units of required upper division ENSC courses, and completion of (or concurrent enrollment in) two upper division technical electives meeting the requirements of the program. Students are required to complete at least two co-ops before enrolling in ENSC 440 Capstone B. Capstone B must be taken in the term immediately following Capstone A. Enrollment into Capstone A is by approval of the department via Capstone application form. Engineering Science students cannot take MSE 410 , MSE 411 , SEE 410W or SEE 411 for credit. Students who have taken (ENSC 304 and ENSC 305W) may not take ENSC 405W for credit. Writing.

Provides an introduction to the engineering profession, professional practice, engineering law and ethics, including the issues of worker and public safety. It also offers opportunities to explore the social implications and environmental impacts of technologies, including sustainability, and to consider engineers' responsibility to society. Special emphasis will be on technical communication skills. This course helps students successfully negotiate the transition to a professional career. Prerequisite: 100 units including one of ENSC 100 , ENSC 106, CMPT 106 , or MSE 102 , with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for MSE 402 or SEE 402 may not take ENSC 406 for further credit.

This course covers the business, management and entrepreneurial concepts that are important to engineers who manage projects, run businesses, or need to decide on the most efficient method for accomplishing a task. The topics to be covered include: financial accounting, rates of return, taxes, cost-benefit analyses, marketing, financing methods, and business plans. Prerequisite: A minimum of 80 units is required to enroll in this course. Students with credit for ENSC 201 or ENSC 411 cannot complete this course for further credit.

This is the second course in the group-based, two-course capstone sequence: ENSC 405W (Capstone A), and ENSC 440 (Capstone B). The capstone design course is based around a group project that consists of researching, designing, building and testing the hardware implementation of a working system. The course also includes material on how to design for safety and a shop training workshop. In order to obtain credit, students must successfully complete both courses. Students may not take Capstone B and Co-op in the same term. Prerequisite: ENSC 405W with a minimum grade of C-. Students will be automatically enrolled in ENSC 440 in the term immediately following successful completion of ENSC 405W . Students with credit for ENSC 440W, ENSC 442 or MSE 411 or SEE 411 may not take this course for further credit.

Develops signal processing techniques of wide applicability, presented in the context of processing and analysis of digital images, in particular 2D and3D biomedical images. Covers acquisition, formation and representation of digital images, filtering, enhancement and restoration in both spatial and frequency domains, image segmentation, image registration, and discrete image transforms. Prerequisite: (( ENSC 180 and ENSC 251 ) or CMPT 225 ) with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units. Students with credit for ENSC 460 /895-Digital Image Processing and Analysis cannot take this course for further credit.

Instrumentation techniques for measuring common physiological signals. Bioelectric and biochemical sensors. Biostimulation. Electronic design issues: electrical safety, signal conditioning and protection against noise, digital signal acquisition. Live subject ethical considerations. Laboratory work to include use of data acquisition packages in conjunction with various sensors, as well as design and construction of a full signal acquisition chain, from sensor to RAM. Prerequisite: ( ENSC 225 or MSE 251 ), ENSC 320 , ( ENSC 380 or MSE 280), all with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units. ENSC 380 /MSE 280 can be taken concurrently. Students with credit for ENSC 372, ENSC 875 or ENSC 895 under the title "Biomedical Instrumentation" may not take this course for further credit.

Basic physics and applications of light-biomatter interactions, tissue optics and microscopy instrumentation. With this background students will embark on practical issues such as light-induced effects in bio-systems, microscopy diagnostic techniques, therapeutic instrumentation and applications, optical tomography and recent developments in optical sensors. Lectures are accompanied by laboratory evaluation projects plus a final design and fabrication project. Prerequisite: Completion of 80 units including PHYS 121 or 102 or 141 , with a minimum grade of C-. Recommended: ENSC 376 or 470 .

Provides an understanding of the scientific principles, physics and engineering technology that provide the basis for the various techniques (radiography, sonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging), by which medical images are acquired. Prerequisite: ( ENSC 380 or MSE 280) with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units. Students with credit for ENSC 374 cannot take this course for further credit.

Designed for students in the Engineering Science program. Combines a continuation of the study of vector calculus from MATH 251 with an introduction to functions of a complex variable. Vector functions of a single variable, space curves, scalar and vector fields, conservative fields, surface and volume integrals, and theorems of Gauss, Green and Stokes. Functions of a complex variable, differentiability, contour integrals, Cauchy's theorem. Taylor and Laurent expansion, method of residues, integral transform and conformal mapping. Prerequisite: MATH 240 or 232 , and 251 , all with a minimum grade of C-. MATH 240 or 232 may be taken concurrently. Students with credit for MATH 322 or MATH 252 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduction to a variety of practical and important data structures and methods for implementation and for experimental and analytical evaluation. Topics include: stacks, queues and lists; search trees; hash tables and algorithms; efficient sorting; object-oriented programming; time and space efficiency analysis; and experimental evaluation. Prerequisite: ( MACM 101 and ( CMPT 125 , CMPT 129 or CMPT 135 )) or ( ENSC 251 and ENSC 252 ), all with a minimum grade of C-. Quantitative.

An overview of various techniques used for software development and software project management. Major tasks and phases in modern software development, including requirements, analysis, documentation, design, implementation, testing,and maintenance. Project management issues are also introduced. Students complete a team project using an iterative development process. Prerequisite: One W course, CMPT 225 , ( MACM 101 or ( ENSC 251 and ENSC 252 )) and ( MATH 151 or MATH 150 ), all with a minimum grade of C-. MATH 154 or MATH 157 with at least a B+ may be substituted for MATH 151 or MATH 150 . Students with credit for CMPT 275 may not take this course for further credit.

A course teaching the internals of modern operating systems. Topics consist of kernel components of modern OSes, such as system calls, device drivers, virtual memory, scheduling, file systems, synchronization for multi-core, and memory ordering. Prerequisite: CMPT 225 , ( CMPT 295 or ENSC 254 ), and ( CMPT 201 or ENSC 351 ), all with a minimum grade of C-.

The essential physics of silicon semiconductor devices that form the heart of integrated circuits today are covered. An introduction to semiconductor device physics upon which device models are based leading to the development of the drift-diffusion equations. The static and dynamic behavior of PN junction diodes, bipolar junction transistors, and field effect transistors will be covered along with the application of the developed device models to integrated circuit design. Prerequisite: ( ENSC 220 or MSE 250 ), MATH 232 , and ( MATH 260 or MATH 310), all with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for ENSC 224 or PHYS 365 may not take ENSC 324 for further credit.

Presents advanced topics in digital design such as advanced state machine concepts, asynchronous design, hardware description languages, bus interfacing and DSP architecture. It also covers both the architecture and programming or field programmable logic devices. Some laboratory work is expected. Prerequisite: (ENSC 215 and either ENSC 250 or CMPT 250) or ( ENSC 252 and ENSC 254 ), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Discrete time signals and systems, sampling and quantization. The Discrete Fourier Transform and fast transforms. Digital filters, IIR and FIR, design procedures and implementations. Quantization noise in digital filters and transforms. Random signals, the response to linear systems to random signals. Introduction to adaptive systems. Introduction to system architectures for digital signal processing. Laboratory work includes familiarization with digital signal processing software packages. Prerequisite: ( ENSC 327 or ENSC 328 ), ( ENSC 380 or MSE 280), all with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units.

A continuation of MACM 101 . Topics covered include graph theory, trees, inclusion-exclusion, generating functions, recurrence relations, and optimization and matching. Prerequisite: MATH 141 or MACM 101 or ( ENSC 251 and one of MATH 232 or MATH 240 ).

A presentation of the problems commonly arising in numerical analysis and scientific computing and the basic methods for their solutions. Prerequisite: MATH 152 or 155 or 158 , and MATH 232 or 240 , and computing experience. Quantitative.

An introduction to the design of Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits and systems (System-on-Chip, SoC) using mainly CMOS technology. SoC design techniques and applications will be covered. Basic topics will include: CMOS technology and circuit layout rules; combinational and sequential logic; logic simulation; systems design; design for verification and testability; and embedded-processor design and application. An advanced digital design flow based on the VHDL hardware description language will be introduced and exercised in the labs. Prerequisite: ( ENSC 225 or MSE 251 or SEE 231 ) and ENSC 350 , all with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units.

Digital system design considerations including methodologies, specification, SoC partitioning, fault tolerance, design reuse, debugging and verification. Prerequisite: ENSC 350 and 351 , with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units.

The computing industry has been actively exploring specialized and programmable hardware accelerators, such as GPUs and FPGAs, to bring orders-of-magnitude performance and energy gains for important application domains. This course covers fundamental concepts, designs, and programming of heterogeneous computing systems, including multicore CPUs, GPUs, and FPGAs. Prerequisite: ENSC 350 and ENSC 351 , both with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for ENSC 462 under the title "Programming for Heterogeneous Computing Systems", ENSC 845 or ENSC 894 under the title "Programming for Heterogeneous Computing Systems" may not take this course for further credit.

This course introduces Students to analog integrated circuit design in the context of modern silicon integrated circuits technology. Topics included: integrated circuit technology and design tools; integrated component characteristics and limitations, differential amplifiers; multi stage amplifiers; feedback amplifiers; stability and frequency compensation; integrated operational amplifiers; bipolar and MOS digital circuits; analog aspects of digital electronics. Prerequisite: ENSC 225 or ENSC 226 or MSE 251 , with a minimum grade of C-.

Introduction to boundary value problems, intermediate description of waves. Differential and integral forms of Maxwell equations. Transmission lines, co-axial cables, optical waveguides: antennas, Smith charts. Design of impedance matching networks. Reflection and transmission in complex networks. Cross-talk and interference in circuits. Prerequisite: ENSC 316 and MATH 254 , both with a minimum grade of C-.

The principles and processes involved in designing analog circuits, emphasizing the functional blocks that comprise subsystems of a larger analog signal processing system. Topics include linear and nonlinear amplifiers, active filters, signal generators, signal modulators, switchmode power converters and analog/digital data conversion. The effects of non-ideal aspects of IC operational amplifiers on system performance are discussed and verified using laboratory projects. Students should be familiar with the behaviour and application of discrete semiconductor devices. Prerequisite: ENSC 320 , ENSC 325 , ( ENSC 380 or MSE 280), all with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units.

Transmission lines and waveguides, microwave devices, travelling wave devices. An introduction to the theory of radiation, antennae and wave propagation, and microwave scattering theory. The design of complete communication systems incorporating microwave, optical and satellite channels. Laboratory work is included in this course.Physics students with credit for PHYS 326 and PHYS 421 may take this course with permission of the instructor. Prerequisite: Completion of 80 units including ( ENSC 416 or PHYS 421 ) and ENSC 325 , with a minimum grade of C-.

Quantitative performance analysis and design of data and integrated services networks. Re-transmission error recovery schemes, networks of queues, congestion control, routing strategies. Multiple access techniques in data networks, design for specified throughput and delay performance. Wireless networks, routing approaches in mobile networks. Analysis and design of broadband integrated services digital networks, asynchronous time division multiplexing. Laboratory work is included in this course. Prerequisite: ENSC 327 with a minimum grade of C-. A minimum of 80 units required. Engineering students may not take CMPT 371 as a substitute for ENSC 427 .

Covers fundamental concepts of Statics and Strength of Materials. Statics: 2D and 3D force and moment systems, equilibrium of rigid bodies, analysis of structures, distributed forces, centroids and moments of inertia. Strength of Materials: introduction to stress and strain, axial loading, torsion, pure bending, analysis and design of beams for bending and combined loading, deflection of beams, and transformation of stresses. Prerequisite: ( PHYS 120 or PHYS 140 ) and MATH 152 , all with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for ENSC 281, MSE 221, or SEE 221 may not take this course for further credit.

This course presents the elements and principles involved in design and analysis of basic mechanical structures and mechanisms. Mechanical elements such as gears, cams and bearings and fundamental relationships between the forces and corresponding motion or deflection are investigated through examples and experiments. This background can then be used in the design, analysis and development of computer controlled machines such as robotic devices. Prerequisite: PHYS 120 , ( MATH 260 or MATH 310), and (ENSC 281 or ENSC 385 ), all with a minimum grade of C-. Students who have previously taken ENSC 230 cannot take this course for credit.

This course provides an introduction to sensors and actuators for electromechanical, computer-controlled machines and devices. Topics include operating principles, design considerations, and applications of analog sensors, digital transducers, stepper motors, continuous-drive actuators, and drive system electronics. Component integration and design considerations are studied through examples selected from applications of machine tools, mechatronics, precision machines, robotics, aerospace systems, and ground and underwater vehicles. Laboratory exercises strengthen the understanding of component performance, system design and integration. Prerequisite: ENSC 380 or MSE 280, with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for MSE 310 may not take ENSC 387 for further credit.

Covers topics from decision theory, pattern classification and optimization theory. In addition, it introduces students to the design and development of interactive decision making tools which can assist designers during the design process. Prerequisite: MATH 232 , MACM 316 , ( ENSC 280 or MSE 210 or PHYS 231), all with a minimum grade of C- and a minimum of 80 units.

Fundamentals of robotics: mathematical representation of kinematics, dynamics and compliance. Planning and execution of robot trajectories. Feedback from the environment: use of sensors and machine vision. A brief introduction to robot languages. Different application domains for manipulator robots, e.g., assembly, manufacturing, etc. Prerequisite: (ENSC 230 or ENSC 386 ) and ( ENSC 383 or MSE 381 ), all with a minimum grade of C- and 80 units. Students with credit for ENSC 884 or ENSC 894 under the title "Introduction to Robotics" may not take this course for further credit.

A practical, hands-on introduction to optical engineering and lasers. Covers the concepts of light, optics (geometric optics, Gaussian optics, multiple optical elements, lens aberrations), laser concepts, operational details of major laser types, laser interactions with optical systems, laser applications in engineering and medicine, complex optical system design and fiber optics. Labs cover optical systems, lasers measurements, optical CAD design, holography. Prerequisite: Completion of 80 units including ( PHYS 121 or 126 or 141 ) and ( MATH 260 or MATH 310), with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for ENSC 871 or ENSC 894 under the title "Optical Engineering and Laser Applications" may not take this course for further credit.

Lectures provide the theory of integrated circuit fabrication. Students fabricate diodes, transistors and test structures in the laboratory. Topics: clean room practice, thermal oxidation and diffusion, photolithography, thin film deposition, etching, ion implantation, packaging, CMOS and bipolar processes. Prerequisite: ENSC 225 or MSE 251 or PHYS 365 or SEE 231 , with a minimum grade of C- and permission of the instructor and a minimum of 80 units. Enrollment in this course is by application only. Students with credit for ENSC 851 may not take this course for further credit.

Supervised study, research and preliminary work leading to a formal proposal for the thesis project work in ENSC 499 . This activity can be directly augmented by other course work and by directed study. The locale of the work may be external to the University or within a University laboratory, or may bridge the two locations. Supervision may be by technical personnel at an external organization, or by faculty members, or through some combination. At least one of the supervisors must be a registered professional engineer. A plan for the student's ENSC 498 activities must be submitted to the school at the time of enrolment in the course. Completion of the undergraduate thesis project proposal is the formal requirement of this course and the basis upon which it is graded. Grading will be on a pass/fail basis. Prerequisite: At least 115 units or permission of the academic supervisor.

A thesis is based on the research or development project that incorporates a significant level of engineering design. This work is typically undertaken in the student's final year, but in no case before the student has completed 115 units. Registration for ENSC 499 takes place in the term in which the thesis will be presented and defended. The locale of the work, supervision and other arrangements follow those for ENSC 498 . Grading of the thesis will be on a pass/fail basis, but recognition will be given to outstanding work. Prerequisite: ENSC 498 with a minimum grade of P.

An intermediate mechanics course covering kinematics, dynamics, calculus of variations and Lagrange's equations, non-inertial reference frames, central forces and orbits, rigid body motion, and special relativity. Prerequisite: MATH 251 ; MATH 232 or MATH 240 ; PHYS 255 or ENSC 380 . All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-. Recommended Corequisite: MATH 260 .

The concepts of quantum mechanics introduced through two-level systems and explored in a way that requires only familiarity with general concepts of linear algebra. Introduction to concepts in classical and quantum information theory, bits and qubits, quantum dynamics, quantum communication and cryptography, and quantum circuits. Prerequisite: Either MATH 232 or MATH 240 , with a minimum grade of C-.

Development and application of Maxwell's equations in vector differential form. Notation and theorems of vector calculus; electric charge, fields, potentials, capacitance and field energy; conductors; methods for solving electrostatic problems; electric fields in matter; electrical current and the magnetic field; Ampere's law and the vector potential; magnetic fields in matter; electromotive force, electrical resistance, Faraday's law and inductance; Maxwell's correction to Ampere's law and electromagnetic waves. Prerequisite: PHYS 121 or PHYS 126 or PHYS 141 (or PHYS 102 with a minimum grade of B); MATH 252 or MATH 254 ; MATH 260 . All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-, unless specified.

Heat, temperature, heat transfer, kinetic theory, laws of thermodynamics, entropy, heat engines, applications of thermodynamics to special systems, phase transitions. Prerequisite: PHYS 121 or PHYS 126 or PHYS 141 (or PHYS 102 with a minimum grade of B); MATH 251 ; both with a minimum grade of C-.

Applications of mathematical methods in physics, differential equations of physics, eigenvalue problems, solutions to wave equations. Prerequisite: MATH 252 or 254 ; MATH 260 ; PHYS 211 ; PHYS 255 or ENSC 320 . All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-.

A continuation of PHYS 321 : properties of electromagnetic waves and their interaction with matter. Transmission lines and waveguides; antennas, radiation and scattering; propagation of electromagnetic waves in free space and in matter; reflection and refraction at boundaries; polarization, interference and diffraction. Prerequisite: PHYS 321 (no substitution); PHYS 255 or ENSC 380 ; both with a minimum grade of C-.

A physics perspective on cellular structure and composition; random walks and diffusion; properties of fluids, cell motion; entropy and the properties of soft materials; structure and function of proteins; signal propagation in nerves. Prerequisite: Completion of 45 units including CHEM 122 or CHEM 180 ; MATH 152 or MATH 155 ; PHYS 102 or PHYS 121 or PHYS 126 or PHYS 141 ; all with a minimum grade of C-. Recommended: BISC 101 .

Stern-Gerlach experiments and the structure of quantum mechanics; operators; angular momentum and spin; Schrödinger equation and examples for time evolution; systems of two spin-½ particles; density operators; wave mechanics in one dimension including the double slit experiment, particle in a box, scattering in one dimension, tunnelling; one-dimensional harmonic oscillator; coherent states. Prerequisite: MATH 251 ; MATH 260 ; PHYS 255 or ENSC 380 ; PHYS 285 or CHEM 260 . All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-. Recommended Prerequisite: PHYS 211 .

Evolution of the universe, modern cosmological models, origins of matter and entropy in the universe. Big Bang nucleosynthesis, formation of large-scale structure and galaxies, planetary systems. Prerequisite: PHYS 211 with a minimum grade of C-.

Computer-based approaches to solving complex physical problems. Includes topics such as Monte-Carlo and molecular dynamics techniques applied to thermal properties of materials; dynamical behaviour of systems, including chaotic motion; methods for ground state determination and optimization, including Newton-Raphson, simulated annealing, neural nets, and genetic algorithms: symplectic methods; and analysis of numerical data. Prerequisite: MATH 260 ; PHYS 255 or ENSC 380 ; CMPT 120 or equivalent. All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-.

Central forces, rigid body motion, small oscillations. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of mechanics. Prerequisite: PHYS 384 or permission of the department. Non-physics majors may enter with MATH 252 ; MATH 260 ; PHYS 211 . All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-.

Wave mechanics in three dimensions; orbital angular momentum and spherical harmonics; central potentials, hydrogen atom; time-independent perturbation theory, Stark effect, Zeeman effect; identical particles, helium atom; scattering, Born approximation; time-dependent perturbation theory, interaction picture. Prerequisite: PHYS 385 ; either PHYS 384 or MATH 314 . All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-.

Includes topics such as qubits, density matrices, mixed states, entanglement, basic quantum algorithms, quantum cryptography, computational models and complexity, introductory quantum error correction, and applications. Prerequisite: PHYS 385 ; PHYS 384 or both MATH 314 and MATH 419 , or equivalent. All prerequisite courses require a minimum grade of C-.

Postulates of statistical mechanics, partition functions, applications to gases, paramagnetism and equilibrium. Quantum statistics and applications. Prerequisite: PHYS 344 or CHEM 360 , with a minimum grade of C-. Recommended: PHYS 385 .

Crystal structure, lattice vibrations and thermal properties of solids, free electron model, band theory, and applications. Prerequisite: PHYS 385 or CHEM 364 , with a minimum grade of C-.

Physics of elementary particles. Symmetries, strong interactions, electromagnetic interactions, weak interaction. Prerequisite: PHYS 385 or CHEM 364 ; PHYS 211 or permission from instructor for non-physics students; all with a minimum grade of C-.

Gravity and space-time, Einstein's equations and their solution, tests of relativity, black holes, stellar equilibrium and collapse, and cosmological models. Prerequisite: PHYS 384 with a minimum grade of C-.